Creating Your First Python Project
I can relate to the mix of emotions one gets while starting to learn a new programming language like python, and every journey right from the start is new and filled with unknown variables. Python seems like an easy language to understand, but it is important to know that simply knowing syntax and the grammar does not enable you to master the language. Building a project is arguably one of the best methods to gain a better grip over python. There will be concepts and ideas that you will realise you can put into practice and so, building a project will help reinforce your confidence.Therefore in this article, with the help of this simple project let us understand how to construct your first python project step by step in a format where you will be able to easily apply your learnt concepts without diving into the theory all the time. By reading the entire article through to the end, it is highly expected that you will get a concise understanding on how your codes can be structured in an organized manner, how your application can be adequately tested and basic features of your application implemented. The goal would be to make something that works and is helpful even if that is just a small project.
Picking the Idea for a Project
The first step in creating laptop applications using python is picking the suitable idea for your project. For beginners it is recommended to work on a project which is easy but still requires learning of new concepts. While it is easy to settle for something big, I prefer starting off on something small. This will help create the much needed momentum.A broad idea of what the first project should look like is:
1. It should be something that you would be passionate about.
2. It should include only the very basic concepts of python that you have grasped at that point.
3. Grade-wise it should not be something that a student will take a long time to be able to complete.
Some common suggestions of first projects in python include:
- A to-do list application is an application whereby users can create, remove or update their tasks.
- A simple calculator which can perform basic arithmetical calculations.
- A number guessing game in which a player tries to guess a number that the computer has generated randomly.
- An address book where users can keep name and phone number records.
Relaxing, remember, the aim is to brush up on coding and understanding, so your project doesn't have to be too complicated.
Preparing your Project Structure
As a first step, it's important to have a workspace for your photo project and to do that you don't have to write any code. Having a structured planning of your project will allow for a proper organization and management of your codes as they increase in number.1. Get Python up and Running : Ensure that your machines have installed various programs best suited for that current system. The majority of devices available in the market already have Python, nonetheless it is advisable to look out for it. And if you are looking to download it, always check the official site for its most recent edition.
2. An IDE should be Determined : Writing Python code is possible in many text editors but if an integrated development environment is employed, it will be easier to compose, examine, and debug scripts. Good examples of such IDEs are PyCharm, VS Code, Sublime Text and many more as they include advanced capabilities like syntax highlighting, code snippets, debugging, etc.
3. Make a Folder for Your Project : Because all your files are going to be housed in this folder, it's crucial to maintain an organized structure especially if the project is expected to scale. Normally, a standard python project would have the following elements arranged at a hierarchy:
- A principal program file like `main.py`
- Other program files serving as modules that would act as different components of the program eg: `tasks.py` or `helpers.py`.
- A folder for saving data files (if applicable).
Remember to take the time to correctly decide how to structure your files at the beginning so that you do not have issues later with expanding your project.
Writing the Code
Now, let's write the code as the environment is set. This part seems to be the best for a novice especially after completing their first Python project. Notably, depending on the nature of your chosen project, you will start with its primary aspects and then move in step wise manner to add more intricate details.
For instance, in case you are creating a to-do list app, you first may want to write an instruction for displaying the list of tasks and then gradually add more instructions for adding a new task, deleting a task and marking a task as done etc.
While writing your code, you can:
- Divide the work such that the project becomes a collection of smaller projects.
- Begin with basic parts and build upon them with time.
- Incorporate testing frequently so that each aspect is validated.
It is very common to make errors in this stage of the project so do not get too upset. Debugging and finding solutions are also a part of the process of learning.
Setting Up Tests For Your Application
After writing the basic code for your application, it is your responsibility to test it correctly. Testing helps eliminate bugs and assures that all parts of the application work properly. For smaller ones, you can do manual testing of your project by running a program and using the system to see if it produces the desired results.For example, when you implement a number guessing game, you would surely want to check:
- Is a random number selection done by the game?
- Does it ask the user for input correctly?
- Is the feedback accurate (for example, not too high/not too low)?
For bigger applications you might want to consider using automatic testing. In Python there are libraries for unit testing, such as unittest and pytest, which allow you to define tests for the functionalities of your application to confirm that the application behaves correctly in various conditions.
Even if your assignment is small in size, it is better that you develop a habit of testing your code, as this is vital for a successful career in programming.
Phases of Modification and Enhancement of the Project
When you have a first operable version of the project do not end there. It is hardly possible that the first version of any project is the best one, there is always a potential for improvement. Testing your project may have exposed the following things that can be done:- Refine the user interface (UI)
- Change the code to enhance execution
- Make the system more feature-rich.
For instance, if you constructed a basic calculator, you may incorporate more functionalities like multiplying or dividing, or you can implement a graphical user interface with Tkinter libraries.
Working on new functionalities is also core to most projects in addition to impressing others or companies with your ability to come up with sophisticated ideas since you also advance your knowledge of Python. Coming up with multiple drafts of your project helps you appreciate the finer points of programming and further enhance your skills.
